- Baseline
- A record of where your health stands now, so that later changes mean something.
- BPH (benign prostatic hyperplasia)
- Age-related enlargement of the prostate. Not cancer and doesn't become cancer. The most common cause of urinary changes in older men.
- Digital rectal exam
- A brief physical examination in which a clinician feels the prostate through the rectal wall. Uncomfortable, quick, and one of several ways of assessing the gland.
- Erectile dysfunction
- Persistent difficulty getting or keeping an erection. Often related to blood vessels, and sometimes an early sign of wider circulation problems.
- Metabolic health
- A shorthand for how your body handles blood sugar, fats, and blood pressure, and how weight around the middle affects all three.
- Nocturia
- Waking at night to urinate.
- Overdiagnosis
- Finding a disease that would never have caused symptoms or shortened life. The main reason screening decisions are genuinely two-sided.
- Prostate
- A gland below the bladder, roughly walnut-sized, with the urinary tube running through it.
- PSA (prostate-specific antigen)
- A substance made by the prostate and measurable in blood. Levels can rise for many reasons, cancer being one of several.
- Screening
- Testing someone with no symptoms, on the chance of finding disease early. Different from investigating a symptom, which is always warranted.
- Shared decision-making
- A conversation in which your clinician supplies the medical facts and trade-offs, you supply what matters to you, and the two of you decide together.
- Sleep apnea
- Repeated pauses in breathing during sleep caused by the airway closing. Common, treatable, and frequently missed for years.
- Resistance training
- Any exercise that makes muscles work against a load, including your own body weight. Effective at any age.