- Appetite
- The desire to eat. It can fade with age, illness, low mood, or certain medicines, and its absence doesn't prove you don't need food.
- Undernutrition
- Not getting enough nourishment for your body's needs, from eating too little, or too little of the right things, over time. It's what this book helps you prevent and turn around.
- Unintentional (or unintended) weight loss
- Weight coming off without your trying to lose it. It's worth a doctor's attention whatever your starting size, because the unintended part is the signal.
- Muscle loss
- The gradual loss of muscle that tends to come with age, sped up by undereating. It matters because muscle is what keeps you strong, steady, and independent. Doctors sometimes call the age-related form sarcopenia.
- Protein
- The part of food your body uses to build and keep muscle. Found in eggs, fish, meat, beans and lentils, and dairy. Getting some at each meal helps protect your strength.
- Energy density
- How much fuel a food carries for its size. Butter, cheese, and nuts are high; lettuce and clear broth are low. When eating small, you want more of the high kind, so each bite counts.
- Enriching (or fortifying) food
- Adding rich ingredients, butter, cream, cheese, oil, nuts, to ordinary food so a small portion carries more nourishment, without making the plate bigger.
- Little and often
- Eating small amounts many times a day rather than three big meals, which suits a small appetite better.
- Dysphagia
- The medical word for difficulty swallowing. It needs prompt medical attention, and often an assessment by a speech-language pathologist.
- Speech-language pathologist (speech and language therapist)
- The specialist who assesses and helps with swallowing difficulties, among other things. Your doctor can refer you.
- Registered dietitian
- A qualified professional who assesses what your body needs and builds an eating plan around your health, tastes, and life. The right person when self-help isn't enough.
- Dry mouth
- A lack of saliva that makes chewing, swallowing, and tasting harder. Often a side effect of medicines, and worth mentioning to your doctor or pharmacist.
- Oral nutritional supplements
- The high-energy drinks and powders sold to boost nourishment. They have a place for some people, best on top of real food, and whether they suit you is a question for your doctor or dietitian.